Baby Eczema and Allergic Diseases on the Rise Year by Year
In recent years, the incidence of allergic diseases in Taiwan has continued to rise. A study conducted in 2011 showed that the asthma incidence rate in Taipei was as high as 20%; while a 2005 study found that the incidence rates of allergic rhinitis and eczema in Taipei were 45.8% and 6.9%, respectively, both slightly increased, indicating a growing trend in allergic diseases including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema.
Current Status of Atopic Dermatitis in Taiwan
The incidence rate of atopic dermatitis in Taiwan is about 8% to 10%, with approximately 15,000 to 20,000 babies showing symptoms each year. In comparison, the incidence rate of atopic dermatitis in Japan is about 25%, possibly related to genetics and cold dry weather; in the United States, the incidence rate of atopic dermatitis in infants under six months is about 17%. Viewing from the incidence rates in other advanced countries, Taiwan’s figures are moderate. It is speculated that the slightly humid environment in Taiwan might mitigate the exacerbation of eczema symptoms during winter.
What Parents Must Know About Baby Eczema
The earliest allergic reactions in babies are usually food allergies, particularly protein allergens, which are mostly from the gastrointestinal tract. Common symptoms of food allergies include diarrhea and eczema. Studies show that food allergies in infancy increase the risk of developing other allergic diseases (such as bronchial asthma or allergic rhinitis) later on.
Milk Allergy and Baby Eczema
Milk is a common allergen for infants, with β-lactoglobulin and casein being the main allergens. Infants have a higher intestinal permeability and cannot secrete Immunoglobulin A (IgA), thus allergens in food easily enter the body and cause reactions. Clinically, the diagnosis of food allergy primarily relies on gastrointestinal or skin symptoms after ingestion, supplemented by blood tests for confirmation.
Allergen Screening and the Intake of Colostrum in Babies
Allergen tests are divided into tests for airborne allergens and food allergens, with the main airborne allergens in Taiwan being dust mites and mold; food allergens mainly include shellfish, mangoes, milk, and proteins.
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